{"id":947,"date":"2026-10-04T18:49:08","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T18:49:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/?page_id=947"},"modified":"2026-10-10T00:31:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T00:31:08","slug":"scalp-involvement-in-leprosy-hansens-disease-and-granulomatous-diseases","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/scalp-involvement-in-leprosy-hansens-disease-and-granulomatous-diseases\/","title":{"rendered":"Scalp Involvement in Leprosy (Hansen&#8217;s Disease) and Granulomatous Diseases"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"947\" class=\"elementor elementor-947 elementor-334\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01d7e7d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"01d7e7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0185cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"a0185cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"medical-guide-page-wrapper\">\r\n    <!-- Sayfa \u00dcst\u00fc K\u00fcresel Ba\u015fl\u0131k & Logo Alan\u0131 -->\r\n    <div class=\"guide-hero\">\r\n        <div class=\"hero-title-wrapper\">\r\n            <div class=\"hero-logo-box\">\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/logo-seffaf.png\" alt=\"Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan Logo\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\" class=\"hero-inline-logo\" title=\"\">\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <h2>Medical Hair Encyclopedia<\/h2>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <p class=\"guide-subtitle\">Dermatological pathologies and evidence-based clinical guidelines at international standards.<\/p>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- Ana Makale Konteyneri -->\r\n    <article class=\"medical-article-card\">\r\n        <div class=\"article-header\">\r\n            <span class=\"article-category\">CLINICAL GUIDELINE & PATHOLOGY<\/span>\r\n            <h1>Scalp Involvement in Leprosy (Hansen's Disease) and Granulomatous Diseases \u2013 Diagnosis and Treatment Guide<\/h1>\r\n            <div class=\"author-meta-box\">\r\n                <p><strong>Prepared by:<\/strong> Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan | Turkish Hair and Scalp Diseases Association<\/p>\r\n                <p class=\"compilation-note\"><em>This guide has been compiled by Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan in light of current literature.<\/em><\/p>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Medikal \u0130ll\u00fcstrasyon Alan\u0131 -->\r\n        <div class=\"medical-illustration-box\">\r\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sachastaliklari.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/leprosy-hansen-disease-granulomatous-diseases-scalp-dr-muhammet-ozgehan.png\" alt=\"Illustration of Granulomatous Scalp Involvement in Leprosy (Hansen&#039;s Disease)\" title=\"\">\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Hasta Bilgilendirme B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc -->\r\n        <section class=\"patient-info-box\">\r\n            <h3>\ud83d\udccc Patient Information Section: What Does This Condition Mean?<\/h3>\r\n            <p>Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by the bacterium <em>Mycobacterium leprae<\/em>, affecting peripheral nerves and the skin. Although rare, it can lead to characteristic hair loss on the scalp and face. <\/p>\r\n            <ul class=\"styled-list\">\r\n                <li><strong>Hair and Eyebrow Involvement:<\/strong> Especially in the lepromatous form of leprosy, madarosis (loss of the outer portion of the eyebrows) and permanent hair loss with granulomatous nodules and plaques on the scalp can develop.<\/li>\r\n                <li><strong>Other Findings:<\/strong> Sensory loss in the skin (pale patches where hot-cold and pain sensations are lost), thickening of the earlobe, nerve involvement, and asymmetric facial findings.<\/li>\r\n                <li><strong>What to Do?:<\/strong> It is a disease that can be completely treated with multidrug combinations (MDT - Multidrug therapy). Early diagnosis is vital to prevent permanent nerve damage. <\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Hekimler \u0130\u00e7in Klinik K\u0131lavuz -->\r\n        <section class=\"doctor-guide-box\">\r\n            <h3>\ud83e\ude7a Clinical & Medical Guide for Physicians<\/h3>\r\n            <ul class=\"styled-list doctor-list\">\r\n                <li><strong>Etiology and Pathophysiology:<\/strong> <em>Mycobacterium leprae<\/em> or <em>Mycobacterium lepromatosis<\/em> are the causative agents. Bacilli prefer cooler body regions (earlobes, nasal mucosa, periphery of the scalp). They infiltrate hair follicles and nerve endings with granulomatous inflammation, causing cicatricial or non-cicatricial alopecias.  <\/li>\r\n                <li><strong>Diagnostic Criteria and Clinical Findings:<\/strong> Loss of the lateral one-third of the eyebrows (Madarosis), infiltrative lesions, nodules, and sensory-deficient lesions on the scalp. Thickening of the great auricular nerve. <\/li>\r\n                <li><strong>Histopathological Diagnosis (Punch Biopsy):<\/strong> \r\n                    <ul class=\"sub-list\">\r\n                        <li><em>Biopsy Indication:<\/em> A 4 mm punch biopsy is taken from suspicious granulomatous scalp or facial lesions.<\/li>\r\n                        <li><em>Pathology:<\/em> Granulomas composed of epithelioid cells, Virchow cells (foamy macrophages), and lymphocytes in the dermis. Demonstration of intracellular bacillary clusters (globi) with Fite-Faraco or Ziehl-Neelsen staining. <\/li>\r\n                    <\/ul>\r\n                <\/li>\r\n                <li><strong>Current Treatment Protocols:<\/strong> \r\n                    <ul class=\"sub-list\">\r\n                        <li><em>Multidrug Therapy (MDT):<\/em> Combinations of Rifampicin, Dapsone, and Clofazimine are administered continuously (for 6 months to 2 years depending on the disease type) in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) protocol. Additionally, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.muhammetozgehan.com.tr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">specialized and treatment approaches<\/a> can be reviewed for clinical and surgical evaluations. <\/li>\r\n                    <\/ul>\r\n                <\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Bilimsel Referanslar -->\r\n        <section class=\"scientific-references-box\">\r\n            <h3>Scientific References and Bibliography<\/h3>\r\n            <ul class=\"ref-list\">\r\n                <li>Kaya D, Garnes ND, Robins A, Su SY, Ginsberg LE, Chen MM. Leprosy of the great auricular nerve: case report and review of the literature. <em>Clin Imaging<\/em>. 2022 Feb;82:63-66. doi: 10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.10.001. Epub 2021 Oct 15. PMID: 34775253. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34775253\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed Link<\/a> <\/li>\r\n                <li>Concha R M, Cossio T ML, Salazar S I, Fich S F, P\u00e9rez C C, Gonz\u00e1lez B S. Enfermedad de Hansen: Revisi\u00f3n a prop\u00f3sito de un caso [Hansen's disease: case report and review of literature]. <em>Rev Chilena Infectol<\/em>. 2008 Feb;25(1):64-9. Spanish. PMID: 18273528. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18273528\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed Link<\/a><\/li>\r\n                <li>Thaipisuttikul Y, Kateruttanakul P. Sarcoidosis mimics lepromatous leprosy: a case report. <em>J Med Assoc Thai<\/em>. 2007 Jan;90(1):171-4. PMID: 17621750. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17621750\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed Link<\/a><\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n        <\/section>\r\n    <\/article>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.medical-guide-page-wrapper {\r\n    background-color: #0A192F;\r\n    padding: 60px 20px;\r\n    font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;\r\n    color: #FFFFFF;\r\n    max-width: 1000px;\r\n    margin: 0 auto;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.guide-hero {\r\n    text-align: center;\r\n    margin-bottom: 40px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hero-title-wrapper {\r\n    display: flex;\r\n    align-items: center;\r\n    justify-content: center;\r\n    gap: 12px;\r\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hero-logo-box {\r\n    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(17, 34, 64, 0.9), rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.95));\r\n    border: 1px solid rgba(212, 175, 55, 0.4);\r\n    border-radius: 8px;\r\n    padding: 4px 8px;\r\n    display: flex !important;\r\n    align-items: center !important;\r\n    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12px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.medical-article-card a {\r\n    color: #D4AF37;\r\n    text-decoration: underline;\r\n    transition: color 0.3s ease;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.medical-article-card a:hover {\r\n    color: #f3d06c;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Mobil Uyumluluk *\/\r\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\r\n    .medical-article-card {\r\n        padding: 20px;\r\n    }\r\n    .medical-article-card h1 {\r\n        font-size: 22px;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f8a49 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"97f8a49\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d61cdff elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"d61cdff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alopecia-faq-container\">\r\n    <div class=\"faq-header\">\r\n        <h2>Frequently Asked Questions About Scalp Involvement in Leprosy (Hansen's Disease) and Granulomatous Diseases<\/h2>\r\n        <p>Insights into the effects of leprosy (Hansen's disease) and granulomatous diseases on the scalp, cicatricial alopecia processes, and treatment approaches, with the expertise of Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan Clinic.<\/p>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"faq-accordion\">\r\n        <!-- Soru 1 -->\r\n        <div class=\"faq-item\">\r\n            <button class=\"faq-question\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"toggleFaqLepra(this)\">\r\n                <span>1. How Does Leprosy (Hansen's Disease) Affect the Scalp and Hair Follicles?<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"faq-icon\">+<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-answer\">\r\n                <div class=\"faq-inner-text\">\r\n                    <p>Leprosy (a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium *Mycobacterium leprae*) is a granulomatous disease that targets nerves and skin. When it involves the scalp, infiltrations, nodules, and sensory loss due to nerve damage can be observed, especially in lepromatous forms of leprosy. <strong>Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan<\/strong> states that this granulomatous process can disrupt follicular units, leading to localized hair loss. <\/p>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Soru 2 -->\r\n        <div class=\"faq-item\">\r\n            <button class=\"faq-question\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"toggleFaqLepra(this)\">\r\n                <span>2. Do Granulomatous Diseases Cause Permanent Hair Loss (Cicatricial Alopecia)?<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"faq-icon\">+<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-answer\">\r\n                <div class=\"faq-inner-text\">\r\n                    <p>Yes, leprosy and similar deep granulomatous diseases can lead to <strong>cicatricial (scarring\/permanent) alopecia<\/strong> because they trigger chronic inflammation and connective tissue (scar) development in the tissue. Hair follicles in the affected areas are irreversibly destroyed. <strong>Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan<\/strong> emphasizes that early diagnosis in such systemic and granulomatous infections is vital to prevent tissue damage and permanent baldness. <\/p>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Soru 3 -->\r\n        <div class=\"faq-item\">\r\n            <button class=\"faq-question\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"toggleFaqLepra(this)\">\r\n                <span>3. What Clinical Approaches Are Applied in Leprosy and Granulomatous Scalp Involvement?<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"faq-icon\">+<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-answer\">\r\n                <div class=\"faq-inner-text\">\r\n                    <p>The primary goal of treatment is to completely halt the causative microorganism or the underlying systemic inflammation. Current approaches followed at <strong>Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan's clinic<\/strong> and in dermatological consultations include:<\/p>\r\n                    <ul>\r\n                        <li><strong>Multidisciplinary Systemic Treatments:<\/strong> Long-term multi-antibiotic (Combined Antileprotic) protocols under medical supervision for specific infections like leprosy.<\/li>\r\n                        <li><strong>Skin Biopsy and Pathological Analysis:<\/strong> Histopathological examination for the presence of granulomas and bacteria for definitive diagnosis of scalp lesions.<\/li>\r\n                        <li><strong>Inflammation and Scar Management:<\/strong> Physician-approved supportive medical care to minimize tissue damage and manage sequelae.<\/li>\r\n                    <\/ul>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Soru 4 -->\r\n        <div class=\"faq-item\">\r\n            <button class=\"faq-question\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"toggleFaqLepra(this)\">\r\n                <span>4. Is Hair Transplantation Performed on Individuals Who Have Had Leprosy or Granulomatous Disease?<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"faq-icon\">+<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-answer\">\r\n                <div class=\"faq-inner-text\">\r\n                    <p>Hair transplantation is absolutely contraindicated (not performed) during periods when the disease is active, treatment is incomplete, or tissue inflammation persists. <strong>Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan<\/strong> states that surgical interventions performed before the infection is completely cured and scar tissue has stabilized can both trigger the infection and make graft survival impossible. However, if the disease was completely cured years ago, an evaluation can be made in very selected cases by analyzing tissue quality. <\/p>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Soru 5 -->\r\n        <div class=\"faq-item\">\r\n            <button class=\"faq-question\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"toggleFaqLepra(this)\">\r\n                <span>5. What Should Be Considered for Hair Health in Such Serious Dermatological Diseases?<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"faq-icon\">+<\/span>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-answer\">\r\n                <div class=\"faq-inner-text\">\r\n                    <p>The follow-up of systemic and granulomatous skin conditions requires great diligence. <strong>Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan<\/strong> offers the following recommendations to individuals undergoing this process:<\/p>\r\n                    <ul>\r\n                        <li>Never neglect systemic treatment courses and check-ups prescribed by the physician.<\/li>\r\n                        <li>Immediately report any sensory loss, discoloration, nodule, or scar on the scalp to a dermatologist.<\/li>\r\n                        <li>Carefully protect the skin from trauma and chemical irritants.<\/li>\r\n                    <\/ul>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    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Appointment Now<\/span>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <a href=\"tel:+905327220233\" class=\"mo-btn mo-call\">\r\n                <span class=\"mo-icon\">\ud83d\udcde<\/span>\r\n                <div class=\"mo-text\">\r\n                    <small>Direct Call<\/small>\r\n                    <span>+90 532 722 02 33<\/span>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/a>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n    .alopecia-faq-container {\r\n        max-width: 1140px;\r\n        width: 100%;\r\n        margin: 40px auto 20px auto;\r\n        background-color: #111111;\r\n        border: 1px solid #333333;\r\n        border-top: 4px solid #D4AF37;\r\n        padding: 40px;\r\n        border-radius: 10px;\r\n        font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, sans-serif;\r\n        color: #e0e0e0;\r\n        box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.8);\r\n        box-sizing: border-box;\r\n    }\r\n    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guidelines at international standards. CLINICAL GUIDELINE &#038; PATHOLOGY Scalp Involvement in Leprosy (Hansen&#8217;s Disease) and Granulomatous Diseases \u2013 Diagnosis and Treatment Guide Prepared by: Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan | Turkish Hair and Scalp Diseases Association This guide has been compiled by Dr. Muhammet \u00d6zgehan in light of current [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-947","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=947"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/947\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/muhammetozgehan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}